CVE-2026-72742 — CVSS 8.6 HIGH Severity | NVD Vulnerability Record

ANALYST: BIVASH KUMAR NAYAK (CHIEF SECURITY ARCHITECT) • PUBLISHED: Wednesday, 12 August 2026
CVE-2026-72742 — CVSS 8.6 HIGH Severity | NVD Vulnerability Record
■ Executive Risk Command Center
CVE ID
CVE-2026-72742
CVSS Score
8.6
HIGH
EPSS Score
0.4%
30th percentile
CISA KEV
Not Listed
Not present in verified catalog snapshot; exploitation may still exist

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🔍 CVE-2026-72742  |  ⚠ CVSS 8.6  |  📅 August 12, 2026  |  📂 APT  |  🛡 CYBERDUDEBIVASH®
CVE VULNERABILITY ADVISORY · HIGH
CDB-CTI-2026-428C414F9713 · Generated 2026-08-12T17:14:04.510892Z
Executive Summary

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint. CVSS Score: 8.6 CWE: CWE-73

Decision: Validate relevance and exposure using the cited source and internal evidence before treating this record as an incident, confirmed compromise, or customer-specific finding.

Threat Classification and Evidence Status
Intelligence family
CVE Vulnerability Advisory
Technical severity
HIGH
Exploitation
Not confirmed by available evidence; not in verified KEV snapshot
Patch/remediation
Availability not established in the source record — verify vendor guidance
Verified Facts
Source type: CVE Vulnerability Advisory
Source publication time: 2026-08-11T19:18:49.130000
CVE: CVE-2026-72742
CVSS base score: 8.6
CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE: CWE-73
EPSS: 0.373%; percentile 30.2%
KEV catalog check: Not present in the successfully retrieved catalog snapshot; this does not prove absence of exploitation.
Technical Analysis

DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint. CVSS Score: 8.6 CWE: CWE-73

Vulnerability class: Unclassified. Assessment: Active exploitation is not confirmed by the available evidence. Prioritization must combine technical severity, exposure, asset criticality, and compensating controls.

Exposure and Remediation Decisions
P0 — Inventory: Confirm the affected product and version against authoritative vendor/NVD data; prioritize internet-facing and business-critical assets.
P0 — Remediation: Availability not established in the source record — verify vendor guidance
P1 — Compensating controls: Restrict exposure, enforce least privilege, and apply vendor-supported mitigations when immediate remediation is not possible.
P1 — Retrospective review: Search only the telemetry relevant to the affected component and validated vulnerability class; absence of alerts does not prove absence of exploitation.
Source Evidence Extract
CVE ID: CVE-2026-72742
Description: DSPy 3.3.0b1 contains a file exfiltration vulnerability in the Image and Audio output field adapters that allows attackers with influence over language model outputs to read arbitrary local files by injecting a filesystem path into the url field of a parsed Image or Audio typed output. The JSONAdapter and ChatAdapter parse untrusted language model completions through parse_value into TypeAdapter validation, which triggers encode_image or encode_audio to read and base64-encode any local file path via the os.path.isfile branch in image.py and audio.py, subsequently embedding the file contents into outgoing prompt messages sent to the attacker-controlled model endpoint.
CVSS Score: 8.6
CVSS Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWEs: CWE-73

This extract is escaped and rendered from the ingested source record; generated analysis is not presented as a source fact.

Detection Engineering
DETECTION STATUS: WITHHELD_INSUFFICIENT_EVIDENCE

The source record does not contain enough product-specific telemetry or observables for a defensible rule.

Confirm affected assets and versions, then collect the product's application, authentication, process, and network telemetry.
Use vendor-provided exploit indicators or a validated reproduction before publishing threat-specific detection logic.
References
Provenance and Review Status
Report IDCDB-CTI-2026-428C414F9713
Source systemnvd
Source published2026-08-11T19:18:49.130000
Source-record SHA-256428c414f9713fc2d9389f2f4105c273c3c087ff41191565aec0bb5338ca34424
Generated UTC2026-08-12T17:14:04.510892Z
Review statusAutomated intelligence synthesis — not human reviewed
CertificationPublic reference draft — not a certified customer deliverable
Automated intelligence synthesis — not human reviewed. Public reference draft — not a certified customer deliverable. Customer-specific action requires exposure validation and accountable human approval.

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Contact: bivash@cyberdudebivash.com · Website: https://cyberdudebivash.com
Intelligence source: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72742 · CYBERDUDEBIVASH® SENTINEL APEX Evidence Engine v3.0