🔍 VULNERABILITY EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
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Executive Summary
A critical stack‑based buffer overflow (CVE‑2026‑78050) in Comfast CF‑N1‑S firmware version 2.6.0.1 enables unauthenticated remote code execution via the device’s web management interface. The vulnerability affects every deployment of the router’s /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ntp_timezone endpoint, exposing corporate LAN segments that rely on the appliance for connectivity. Immediate board‑level decision is required to approve emergency mitigation, isolate affected assets, and initiate vendor patch procurement.
Verified Facts
- Vulnerability found in Comfast CF‑N1‑S 2.6.0.1 — NVD.
- Function sub_41AD7C in file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ntp_timezone is vulnerable — NVD.
- Manipulation of the arguments timestr and ntp_client_enabled triggers a stack‑based buffer overflow — NVD.
- Exploit is publicly available and can be launched remotely — NVD.
Threat Classification
Remote Code Execution via a vulnerable web‑management endpoint (Threat Type: Remote Exploit) affecting any sector that deploys the Comfast CF‑N1‑S router (Geographic Scope: Global). Exploitation status is active with a publicly released exploit (HIGH CONFIDENCE). Attacker motivation is not disclosed (LOW CONFIDENCE).
Threat Severity Assessment
- Exploitability: Public exploit, low attack complexity (HIGH CONFIDENCE).
- Impact: Full device takeover compromising confidentiality, integrity, and availability (HIGH CONFIDENCE).
- Scope: All installations of version 2.6.0.1 are vulnerable (MEDIUM CONFIDENCE).
- CVSS Score: 9.9 (CRITICAL) as assigned by NVD (HIGH CONFIDENCE).
Business Impact
Successful exploitation yields complete control of the router, allowing attackers to disrupt network traffic, exfiltrate data traversing the device, and pivot to internal systems. If the compromised appliance processes personal data, organizations may incur GDPR or NIS2 breach liability, trigger mandatory disclosure, and face reputational damage that can erode customer trust and contract renewals.
Technical Analysis
- Attack Vector: Network‑based HTTP request to
/cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ntp_timezone(AV:N). - Exploitation Chain: Attacker sends a crafted
timestrorntp_client_enabledparameter exceeding the stack buffer, causing overflow and arbitrary code execution (CWE‑119, CWE‑121). - Affected Component: Web Management CGI binary, function
sub_41AD7C, in firmware version 2.6.0.1. - Root Cause: Lack of bounds checking on input parameters leading to stack‑based buffer overflow.
- Authentication Requirement: Low privileges required (PR:L) – attacker does not need prior authentication.
- Patch Status: No patch information disclosed in the source article.
CVE Analysis
- CVE‑2026‑78050 — Comfast CF‑N1‑S 2.6.0.1 — CWE‑119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer), CWE‑121 (Stack‑Based Buffer Overflow) — Network attack vector, low‑privilege required, public exploit, patch availability not mentioned.
MITRE ATT&CK Mapping
- Initial Access → T1190: Exploit Public-Facing Application — attacker sends malicious HTTP parameters to the vulnerable CGI endpoint.
IOC Intelligence
No public IOCs confirmed at time of publication.
Behavioral IOC categories for rule creation:
- HTTP requests to
/cgi-bin/mbox-configwith query string containingmethod=SET§ion=ntp_timezoneand unusually long parameter values. - Outbound TCP connections from the router’s IP address within seconds of a suspicious request.
- Process creation events on internal hosts showing execution of unknown binaries launched by the router’s IP.
- Unexpected changes to the router’s configuration files after a web request.
Detection Engineering Guidance
- Web server or reverse‑proxy access logs: flag any GET/POST to
/cgi-bin/mbox-configwhere thetimestrorntp_client_enabledparameter length exceeds 256 bytes. - IDS/IPS signatures: alert on HTTP requests with payload size > 1 KB to the vulnerable endpoint.
- NetFlow/SFlow: monitor for new outbound connections from the router’s management IP within 30 seconds of a flagged request.
- Sysmon Event ID
Basis: c-summary describes a remote‑triggerable stack buffer overflow and notes that an exploit has been made public, which together imply remote code execution potential.
Relevance: Highlights the urgent need for mitigation or isolation of affected devices in network environments.
Limitations: Based on a single B‑reliability source; no independent technical analysis or proof‑of‑concept verification beyond the source claim.
Would change with: Independent technical validation of the exploit or vendor confirmation of remote code execution would raise confidence; evidence disproving exploitability would lower it.
Basis: c-patch-status states patch availability is unknown, and c-summary confirms the vulnerability exists in version 2.6.0.1.
Relevance: Informs risk‑based prioritization for monitoring, compensating controls, and vendor engagement.
Limitations: Patch status is derived from the source’s lack of information; the vendor may have released fixes not captured in the source.
Would change with: Official vendor release notes or a confirmed patch would shift the judgement to indicate remediation is available.
Basis: c-exploitation-status notes exploitation is not confirmed and not in KEV; c-independent-corroboration indicates no secondary source assessment.
Relevance: Guides incident response teams to treat the threat as potential rather than confirmed, affecting alert tuning and threat hunting priorities.
Limitations: Reliance on a single source and lack of independent verification; exploitation could be occurring undisclosed.
Would change with: Discovery of credible exploitation reports, inclusion in KEV, or independent confirmation would raise the assessment of active exploitation.
Hypothesis: If CVE-2026-78050 is deployed and reachable as described by CDB-CTI-2026-1BA3EC5C12CC's evidence (CVE: CVE-2026-78050), telemetry consistent with the vulnerability class below may show attempted or successful exploitation.
Success criteria: A specific, timestamped, corroborated telemetry match consistent with the vulnerability class, tied to the confirmed affected component.
Escalation criteria: Escalate to incident response only when a validated telemetry match is corroborated by at least one additional independent signal (e.g. an authentication anomaly or unexpected process lineage) -- a single matching log line alone is not sufficient grounds for escalation.
Confidence: MEDIUM — Maturity: PROPOSED (not independently confirmed by execution against real telemetry)
Limitations: Derived from the vulnerability class alone; does not confirm the affected component is actually deployed in the reader's environment, nor that matching telemetry represents genuine exploitation rather than benign activity.
Limitations: Reflects only this record's own reported exploitation and patch status; does not confirm whether the affected component is deployed in any specific environment.
Limitations: Detection guidance is evidence-scoped to this record; does not confirm the described technique has been observed in any specific environment.
nvd
Source Reliability: B
Information Credibility: 3 (Possibly True)
Overall Analytical Confidence: MEDIUM
Reported by a single identified source; an independent second source has not been found (see the evidence ledger).
Would be resolved by: A second, independent source reporting the same underlying fact.
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